The topic of viruses contained and transported within wastewater is a thorny and little-known subject, which nevertheless deserves further exploration and mention. Historically speaking, it is important to remember that severe infections or diseases such as the plague have decimated the world population, heavily influencing the daily lives of people. It was precisely the advent of sewage systems that emerged as a solution to curb the spread of epidemics, replacing all open latrines and thus contributing to raising the level of hygiene in cities and consequently in homes. Studies from numerous international universities, the WHO, and the ISS lead us to consider how untreated wastewater represents a vehicle for bacteria and pathogens, all potentially harmful to the health of people, animals, and the environment. This depicts the issue as a potential problem if adequate interventions are not implemented. Clearly, the propagation of such agents along the path that wastewater takes begins directly from the discharge of households, where viruses excreted by the infected individual through feces, urine, vomit, saliva, or respiratory secretions enter the sewer system. The importance of proper treatment plays a fundamental role, as a suitably sized physical/chemical/biological treatment allows for the complete inhibition and inactivation of such agents or viruses, transforming contaminated water into healthy water. The problem arises when a discharge, rather than flowing into public sewers or treatment plants, is directly channeled into the environment, such as onto the soil, including the home garden, and consequently into the subsoil, where it comes into contact with drinking water aquifers, or along the course of rivers and lakes, polluting their waters. Such discharges therefore potentially represent means of propagating viruses. The relevant Italian legislative framework for wastewater treatment is contained within D.lgs.152/2006, also known as the Environmental Consolidated Act. “About 8 million buildings in Italy are not connected to public treatment plants, and with their 2 million trillion liters of untreated wastewater discharged into the environment, they represent a widespread public health problem.” (Ing. Caroti B., 2020). 
By deepening the analysis on viruses, it can be stated that the types of pathogens found in wastewater are mainly 2: 1-Enteric Viruses: these are the viruses transmitted and transported via water, including those responsible for negative intestinal consequences, such as the rotavirus, the norovirus, the adenovirus enteric and the astrovirus. 2-Non-enteric Viruses: these are currently much discussed viruses, responsible for respiratory diseases, such as covid-19. To date, there is no evidence of waterborne transmission; however, it is clear how they propagate through the feces and urine of infected individuals, which shows how easily they can enter the water cycle of wastewater. Nowadays, the market offers a complete range of small/medium and large biological treatment plants capable of being applied to any user (small houses, large hotels, wineries, large companies), positioning themselves as compact and efficient individual solutions to address all the unpleasant situations related to wastewater. In conclusion, it appears necessary to adequately protect the health of people and the environment by implementing suitable wastewater treatment systems capable of eliminating all viruses present within them and making the surrounding environment healthy and hygienic, producing purified and healthy water. [embed]https://youtu.be/dju8mB3YXjg[/embed]
